Can you explain the process of database normalization and why it is important?

Your Answer

How To Answer This Question?

Database normalization is a process used to organize a database into tables and columns. The main goal is to reduce data redundancy and improve data integrity. The process involves dividing large tables into smaller, more manageable pieces and defining relationships between them.

Steps of Normalization:

1. First Normal Form (1NF): Ensure that the table has a primary key and that all columns contain atomic (indivisible) values.
2. Second Normal Form (2NF): Ensure that all non-key columns are fully dependent on the primary key.
3. Third Normal Form (3NF): Ensure that all columns are only dependent on the primary key and not on other non-key columns.

Why It Is Important:

• Reduces Data Redundancy: By organizing data into related tables, normalization eliminates duplicate data, which saves storage space and reduces the risk of inconsistencies.
• Improves Data Integrity: With a well-normalized database, it is easier to enforce data integrity constraints, ensuring that the data remains accurate and reliable.
• Enhances Query Performance: Normalized databases can improve query performance by reducing the amount of data that needs to be processed.

Example Answer:

"Database normalization is a technique used to design a database structure that reduces redundancy and dependency by organizing fields and table of a database. The main steps include ensuring the table is in 1NF, 2NF, and 3NF. For instance, in 1NF, we make sure that each column contains atomic values and each row is unique. In 2NF, we ensure that all non-key attributes are fully functional dependent on the primary key. Finally, in 3NF, we remove transitive dependency to ensure that non-key attributes are not dependent on other non-key attributes. This process is crucial as it helps in reducing data redundancy, improving data integrity, and enhancing query performance."